Differences

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--- greek:3588 [2025/11/07 07:25] – graham
+++ greek:3588 [2025/11/07 07:29] (current) – graham
@@ Line 11: / Line 11: @@
 ==== Singular ====
-| Case           | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
+| Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
 | **Nominative**   | ὁ         | ἡ        | τό     |
 | **Genitive**   | τοῦ       | τῆς      | τοῦ    |
 | **Dative**     | τῷ        | τῇ       | τῷ     |
-| **Accusative | τόν       | τήν      | τό     |
+| **Accusative** | τόν       | τήν      | τό |
 ==== Plural ====
@@ Line 24: / Line 24: @@
 | **Accusative** | τούς      | τάς      | τά     |
+===== Functions and Usage =====
+==== Definiteness ====
+Marks a noun as specific or known
+ὁ ἄνθρωπος → the man (a specific man)
+ἄνθρωπος → a man (any man)
+==== Pronominal Use ====
+The article can function like a pronoun
+οἱ δὲ εἶπαν → "They said." (literally "the ones said")
+==== Substantivizing Function ====
+Turns adjectives, participles, or phrases into nouns.
+ὁ ἀγαθός → the good (man)
+οἱ νεκροί → the dead (people)
+τὸ πιστεύειν → the believing / faith (turns a verb into a noun phrase)
+==== With Proper Nouns ====
+Often used with personal names or titles, especially in the Gospels.
+ὁ Ἰησοῦς → Jesus
+ὁ Χριστός → the Christ
+==== With Abstract Nouns ====
+Makes general ideas concrete.
+ἡ ἀλήθεια → the truth (often in a universal sense)
+==== Possessive Use ====
+Sometimes replaces a possessive pronoun when the owner is clear from context.
+ἡ μήτηρ → his mother (Matthew 12:46)