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--- hebrew:3559 [2025/10/22 12:41] – created graham
+++ hebrew:3559 [2025/10/22 23:33] (current) – [New Testament Connections] graham
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 For example, "The LORD establishes (הֵכִין) his steps." — <autott>proverbs_16:9|Proverbs 16:9</autott>
+===== Theological Significance =====
+The verb כּוּן often refers to God’s action in establishing creation, kingship, and moral order.
+It expresses the idea that what God does is permanent, reliable, and purposeful.
+Examples:
+  * Creation: "He established (כּוֹנֵן) the world, it shall not be moved." — <autott>psalm_96:10|Psalm 96:10</autott>
+  * Covenant and throne: "Your kingdom shall be established (נָכוֹן) forever before you." — <autott>2_samuel_7:16|2 Samuel 7:16</autott>
+  * Moral order and plans: "Commit your work to the LORD, and your plans will be established (יִכּוֹנוּ)." — <autott>proverbs_16:3|Proverbs 16:3</autott>
+===== LXX translations of כּוּן =====
+The translators did not use a single Greek word for כּוּן; instead, they chose terms that fit the context:
+  * When the emphasis is on preparation or readiness, they used ἑτοιμάζω / ἑτοῖμος.
+  * When the focus is on stability or firmness, they used στηρίζω, βεβαιόω, or θεμελιόω.
+Together these words paint a full picture of what it means for something (or someone) to be firmly set, trustworthy, and enduring, whether a throne, the world, or the human heart.
+===== New Testament Connections =====
+The same Greek verbs used in the LXX show up again in the New Testament, carrying forward the Hebrew theology of firm establishment:
+| Greek verb  | NT examples | Connection to כּוּן |
+| **στηρίζω** — "to strengthen, make firm" | <autott>luke_22:32|Luke 22:32</autott>, <autott>1_peter_5:10|1 Peter 5:10</autott> | God *establishes* believers just as He *establishes* His creation and throne |
+| **βεβαιόω** — "to confirm, make sure" | <autott>1_corinthians_1:8|1 Corinthians 1:8</autott>, <autott>hebrews_2:3|Hebrews 2:3</autott> | The confirming work of God parallels how He *makes firm* His word and covenant |
+| **θεμελιόω** — "to lay a foundation" | <autott>colossians_1:23|Colossians 1:23</autott> | Believers are *founded* on Christ — the ultimate fulfillment of stability |
+| **ἑτοιμάζω** — "to prepare" | <autott>matthew_25:34|Matthew 25:34</autott> | Echoes God's *preparing* of His throne or world in the Psalms |
+===== Common Grammatical Forms =====
+| **Form (Description)** | **English Meaning** | **Hebrew Spelling** |
+| Qal Perfect 3 masculine singular | he was established / firm  | כּוּן — **rare / not clearly attested** |
+| Niphal Perfect 3 masculine singular | he was established | נָכוֹן |
+| Niphal Participle masculine singular | established, fixed | נָכוֹן |
+| Niphal Infinitive Absolute | to be established | הִכּוֹן |
+| Niphal Imperfect 3 masculine singular | he will be established | יִכּוֹן |
+| Niphal Imperfect 3 feminine singular | she will be established | תִּכּוֹן |
+| Hiphil Perfect 3 masculine singular | he established / prepared  | הֵכִין  |
+| Hiphil Imperfect 3 masculine singular | he will establish / prepare | יָכִין |
+| Hiphil Imperative masculine singular | establish! / prepare! | הָכֵן |
+| Hiphil Infinitive Construct | to establish / prepare | הָכִין |
+| Hiphil Participle masculine singular | establishing / preparing | מֵכִין |
+| Hiphil Participle feminine singular | establishing / preparing | מְכִינָה  |