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====== οὗτος / αὕτη /τοῦτο ======
{{tag>greek}}
~~NOTOC~~
Meaning:
  * These or this
  * This one, this person, this thing
  * They or he or she or it

Demonstrative pronoun.

οὗτος usually refers to something close to the speaker — "this" as opposed to ἐκεῖνος ("that").
  * οὗτος → "this one right here"
  * ἐκεῖνος → "that one over there"

It can refer to:
  * What is near physically: οὗτος ὁ ἄνθρωπος — "this man" (<autott>john_9:16|John 9:16</autott>)
  * What was just mentioned: καὶ τοῦτο ἐστίν... — "and this is…" (<autott>1_john_5:11|1 John 5:11</autott>)
  * What is about to be mentioned: τοῦτο λέγω... — "this I say…" (<autott>1_corinthians_15:50|1 Corinthians 15:50</autott>)

There are a number of idiomatic expressions that involve οὗτος:
  * ἐν τούτῳ — "in this / by this" (very common in John’s letters), e.g. ἐν τούτῳ γινώσκομεν… — "By this we know…" (<autott>1_john_4:9|1 John 4:9</autott>)
  * διὰ τοῦτο — "because of this / therefore"
  * μετὰ ταῦτα — "after these things", e.g. μετὰ ταῦτα ἦν ἑορτὴ τῶν Ἰουδαίων — "After these things there was a feast of the Jews" (<autott>john_5:1|John 5:1</autott>)

===== Forms =====

| **Form** | **Gender** | **Case**  | **Meaning** |
| οὗτος | Masculine | Nominative Singular | this (man/thing) |
| αὕτη | Feminine | Nominative Singular  | this (woman/thing) |
| τοῦτο | Neuter | Nominative/Accusative Singular | this (thing) |

==== Singular Declension ====

| **Case**            | **Masculine** | **Feminine** | **Neuter** |
| Nominative Singular | οὗτος         | αὕτη         | τοῦτο      |
| Genitive Singular   | τούτου        | ταύτης       | τούτου     |
| Dative Singular     | τούτῳ         | ταύτῃ        | τούτῳ      |
| Accusative Singular | τοῦτον        | ταύτην       | τοῦτο      |

==== Plural Declension ====

| **Case**            | **Masculine** | **Feminine** | **Neuter** |
| Nominative Plural   | οὗτοι         | αὗται        | ταῦτα      |
| Genitive Plural     | τούτων        | τούτων       | τούτων     |
| Dative Plural       | τούτοις       | ταύταις      | τούτοις    |
| Accusative Plural   | τούτους       | ταύτας       | ταῦτα      |

===== Theological Highlights =====

The word οὗτος often appears in Christological declarations:
  * οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ υἱός μου — "This is my Son." (<autott>matthew_3:17|Matthew 3:17</autott>)
  * οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ Χριστός — "This is the Christ." (<autott>john_7:26|John 7:26</autott>)
  * τοῦτο ἐστιν τὸ σῶμά μου — "This is my body." (<autott>luke_22:19|Luke 22:19</autott>)

These are some of the most powerful theological uses of the word, introducing divine revelation, identity, and covenantal meaning.