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Genesis 1

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1	בְּרֵאשִׁ֖יתplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigרֵאשִׁית hebrew Meanings: * Beginning * Finest (or choice) * First (first fruits) * Principal thing Embraces the idea of beginnings, first part, chief value and first-fruits. The context determines the specific meaning. Derived from רֹאשׁ Feminine, noun בָּרָ֣אplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigבָּרָא hebrew Meaning: * To create * To cut down, select, feed Bara is a verb that is never takes a human subject; God is always the one who creates in the Old Testament. In contrast, עָשָׂה (to make or do) and יָצַר (to form and to build) do often have humans as the subject. אֱלֹהִ֑יםplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigאֱלֹהִים hebrew Meanings: * God * god * goddess * divine ones * angels Noun, masculine אֵ֥תplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigאֵת hebrew The Hebrew אֵת word does not have a corresponding word in English. In Hebrew, it is a marker of the accusative, i.e. the word following it is the object of the sentence. For example, in Genesis 1:1 the word is preceded by בָּרָ֣א אֱלֹהִ֑ים ( הַשָּׁמַ֖יִםplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigשָׁמַיִם hebrew Meanings: * Heaven or heavens * Sky * Compass Masculine noun. The word is dual in form (ending in -ַיִם) which normally indicates two things (like eyes and hands), however, however it functions as a plural. Deuteronomy 10:14 states that Genesis 1:20Psalm 115:3 וְאֵ֥תplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigאֵת hebrew The Hebrew אֵת word does not have a corresponding word in English. In Hebrew, it is a marker of the accusative, i.e. the word following it is the object of the sentence. For example, in Genesis 1:1 the word is preceded by בָּרָ֣א אֱלֹהִ֑ים ( הָאָֽרֶץplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigאֶרֶץ hebrew Meaning: * Earth (e.g. Genesis 1:1) or world * Land * Countries or country The word אֶרֶץ can designate the whole of planet earth, or the inhabitable world or the national territory or ground. When coupled with heavens (שָׁמַיִם), the phrase indicates the entire created order.Genesis 12:1
2	וְהָאָ֗רֶץplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigאֶרֶץ hebrew Meaning: * Earth (e.g. Genesis 1:1) or world * Land * Countries or country The word אֶרֶץ can designate the whole of planet earth, or the inhabitable world or the national territory or ground. When coupled with heavens (שָׁמַיִם), the phrase indicates the entire created order.Genesis 12:1 הָיְתָ֥הplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigהָיָה hebrew The word הָיָה means “to exist” or “to be” or “to become” or “to come into being” and occurs 3561 times in the Old Testament. This is the foundational verb of existence, identity, becoming and occurrence. * It is used in the creation narrative of Genesis 1, represented by the English words Genesis 1:3Exodus 3:12Ruth 1:1Isaiah 2:2 תֹ֨הוּ֙plugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigתֹּהוּ hebrew Meaning: * Formless * Waste * Futile * Meaningless * Nothing * Chaos Masculine. Noun. Describes something that is unformed or purposeless. It often pairs with בֹּהוּ - void -forming the phrase תֹ֨הוּ֙ וָבֹ֔הוּ, a poetic expression for utter chaos or emptiness.Genesis 1:2Deuteronomy 32:10Isaiah 45:18Jeremiah 4:23 וָבֹ֔הוּ וְחֹ֖שֶׁךְ עַל פְּנֵ֣י תְה֑וֹם וְר֣וּחַplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigרוּחַ hebrew Meaning: * Wind * Breath * Spirit Noun. Occurs about 380 times in the Old Testament. Though usually feminine, רוּחַ sometimes takes masculine verbs and adjectives, especially when referring to the Spirit of God (רוּחַ יְהוָה).Exodus 10:13Genesis 6:17Genesis 41:8Proverbs 16:32Ecclesiastes 12:7Genesis 1:2Judges 3:10Ezekiel 36:27Genesis 2:7John 3:8Genesis 1:2Genesis 8:1 אֱלֹהִ֔יםplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigאֱלֹהִים hebrew Meanings: * God * god * goddess * divine ones * angels Noun, masculine מְרַחֶ֖פֶת עַל פְּנֵ֥י הַמָּֽיִם
3	וַיֹּ֥אמֶר אֱלֹהִ֖יםplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigאֱלֹהִים hebrew Meanings: * God * god * goddess * divine ones * angels Noun, masculine יְהִ֣יplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigהָיָה hebrew The word הָיָה means “to exist” or “to be” or “to become” or “to come into being” and occurs 3561 times in the Old Testament. This is the foundational verb of existence, identity, becoming and occurrence. * It is used in the creation narrative of Genesis 1, represented by the English words Genesis 1:3Exodus 3:12Ruth 1:1Isaiah 2:2 א֑וֹר וַֽיְהִיplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigהָיָה hebrew The word הָיָה means “to exist” or “to be” or “to become” or “to come into being” and occurs 3561 times in the Old Testament. This is the foundational verb of existence, identity, becoming and occurrence. * It is used in the creation narrative of Genesis 1, represented by the English words Genesis 1:3Exodus 3:12Ruth 1:1Isaiah 2:2 אֽוֹר

ESV |

1	In the beginning, God created the heavens and the earth.
2	The earth was without form and void, and darkness was over the face of the deep. And the Spirit of God was hovering over the face of the waters.
3	And God said, “Let there be light,” and there was light.

NIV

NLT |

1	In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth.
2	The earth was formless and empty, and darkness covered the deep waters. And the Spirit of God was hovering over the surface of the waters.
3	Then God said, “Let there be light,” and there was light.

+++ | LXX

1	ἐνplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigἐν greek Preposition meaning “in”. ἀρχῇplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigἀρχή greek Meaning: * Beginning * First * Elementary * Rulers, rule, domain Noun, feminine (first declension) Occurs 56 times in the New Testament, consistently conveying the idea of primacy - whether temporal (i.e. the start, e.g. John 1:1) or causal (i.e. the source) or governmental (i.e. the ruler, e.g. Ephesians 6:12 ἐποίησενplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigποιέω Meaning: * To do * To make This verb - to do or make - is used in connection with a large range of activities including creation, covenant formation, obedience, miracles, sin and worship. Verb forms Present tense Person Greek Form ὁplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigὁ, ἡ, τό greek Meaning: * The The definite article. Forms Singular Case Masculine Feminine Neuter Nominative ὁ ἡ τό Genitive τοῦ τῆς τοῦ Dative τῷ τῇ θεὸςplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigθεὸς greek Masculine noun meaning: * A god or goddess * God τὸνplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigὁ, ἡ, τό greek Meaning: * The The definite article. Forms Singular Case Masculine Feminine Neuter Nominative ὁ ἡ τό Genitive τοῦ τῆς τοῦ Dative τῷ τῇ οὐρανὸνplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigοὐρανός Meaning: * The sky * Air * Heaven or heavens 278 occurrences in the New Testament. Οὐρανός is used in Scripture to describe the sky and universe (that is, the visible expanse above the earth) as well as the transcendent realm where God is present. For example, in Matthew 6:26Matthew 24:29Matthew 6:9 καὶplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigκαί greek Meaning * And * Also * Both * Even * Too * So Is a conjunction that connects single words or terms or sentences. IT is most frequently translated as “and” τὴνplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigὁ, ἡ, τό greek Meaning: * The The definite article. Forms Singular Case Masculine Feminine Neuter Nominative ὁ ἡ τό Genitive τοῦ τῆς τοῦ Dative τῷ τῇ γῆνplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigγῆ Meaning: * Soil or ground (e.g. Matthew 13:5) * Land (e.g. Luke 4:5) * Country * Earth (e.g. Matthew 5:5) Feminine noun. Connected to the English words “ground”, “geometry” and “geology”. It occurs throughout the LXX and the New Testament (approximately 250 times in the New Testament) and its meaning varies subtly on context, for example, in the LXX:Genesis 1:1Genesis 2:7Genesis 12:1
2	ἡplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigὁ, ἡ, τό greek Meaning: * The The definite article. Forms Singular Case Masculine Feminine Neuter Nominative ὁ ἡ τό Genitive τοῦ τῆς τοῦ Dative τῷ τῇ δὲplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigδέ greek δέ is a conjunction that can mean “but” or “and” or “also” or “moreover”. It is a word that is used very frequently in the New Testament, and is often unexpressed and not translated in English. γῆplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigγῆ Meaning: * Soil or ground (e.g. Matthew 13:5) * Land (e.g. Luke 4:5) * Country * Earth (e.g. Matthew 5:5) Feminine noun. Connected to the English words “ground”, “geometry” and “geology”. It occurs throughout the LXX and the New Testament (approximately 250 times in the New Testament) and its meaning varies subtly on context, for example, in the LXX:Genesis 1:1Genesis 2:7Genesis 12:1 ἦνplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigεἰμί greek εἰμί is the first person singular verb for “to be” (εἶναι [the infinitive form] = “to be”). It an irregular verb, and, like English, changes significantly between person and tense. For example εἰμί is the word for am and ἦν is the word for was, e.g. ἀόρατος καὶplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigκαί greek Meaning * And * Also * Both * Even * Too * So Is a conjunction that connects single words or terms or sentences. IT is most frequently translated as “and” ἀκατασκεύαστος καὶplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigκαί greek Meaning * And * Also * Both * Even * Too * So Is a conjunction that connects single words or terms or sentences. IT is most frequently translated as “and” σκότος ἐπάνω τῆςplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigὁ, ἡ, τό greek Meaning: * The The definite article. Forms Singular Case Masculine Feminine Neuter Nominative ὁ ἡ τό Genitive τοῦ τῆς τοῦ Dative τῷ τῇ ἀβύσσου καὶplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigκαί greek Meaning * And * Also * Both * Even * Too * So Is a conjunction that connects single words or terms or sentences. IT is most frequently translated as “and” πνεῦμα θεοῦplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigθεὸς greek Masculine noun meaning: * A god or goddess * God ἐπεφέρετο ἐπάνω τοῦplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigὁ, ἡ, τό greek Meaning: * The The definite article. Forms Singular Case Masculine Feminine Neuter Nominative ὁ ἡ τό Genitive τοῦ τῆς τοῦ Dative τῷ τῇ ὕδατος
3	καὶplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigκαί greek Meaning * And * Also * Both * Even * Too * So Is a conjunction that connects single words or terms or sentences. IT is most frequently translated as “and” εἶπεν ὁplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigὁ, ἡ, τό greek Meaning: * The The definite article. Forms Singular Case Masculine Feminine Neuter Nominative ὁ ἡ τό Genitive τοῦ τῆς τοῦ Dative τῷ τῇ θεόςplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigθεὸς greek Masculine noun meaning: * A god or goddess * God γενηθήτω φῶς καὶplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigκαί greek Meaning * And * Also * Both * Even * Too * So Is a conjunction that connects single words or terms or sentences. IT is most frequently translated as “and” ἐγένετο φῶς

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Table of Contents

Genesis 1

Text

Commentary

1	In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth.
2	Now the earth was formless and empty, darkness was over the surface of the deep, and the Spirit of God was hovering over the waters.
3	And God said, “Let there be light,” and there was light.