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exodus_21:23

Exodus 21:23

Hebrew
וְאִם אָס֖וֹן יִהְיֶ֑הplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigהָיָה

hebrew

The word הָיָה means “to exist” or “to be” or “to become” or “to come into being” and occurs 3561 times in the Old Testament.

This is the foundational verb of existence, identity, becoming and occurrence.

* It is used in the creation narrative of Genesis 1, represented by the English words Genesis 1:3Exodus 3:12Ruth 1:1Isaiah 2:2
וְנָתַתָּ֥ה נֶ֖פֶשׁ תַּ֥חַת נָֽפֶשׁ
ESV
But if there is harm, then you shall pay life for life,
NIV
But if there is serious injury, you are to take life for life,
NLT
But if there is further injury, the punishment must match the injury: a life for a life,
LXX
ἐὰν δὲplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigδέ

greek

δέ is a conjunction that can mean “but” or “and” or “also” or “moreover”. It is a word that is used very frequently in the New Testament, and is often unexpressed and not translated in English.
ἐξεικονισμένον ἦνplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigεἰμί

greek

εἰμί is the first person singular verb for “to be” (εἶναι [the infinitive form] = “to be”).

It an irregular verb, and, like English, changes significantly between person and tense. For example εἰμί is the word for am and ἦν is the word for was, e.g.
δώσει ψυχὴν ἀντὶ ψυχῆς
KJV
And if any mischief follow, then thou shalt give life for life,

Exodus 21:22 ← Exodus 21:23 → Exodus 21:24

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